Reinforced concrete construction.



. TURNER.

1P REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19, 1911.- 38% Pazensemu 2%, 1912.

SHEET 1.

4 SHEETS- mvEN-rbn g -.C.A.P.TURNER. REINFORCED CONCRETE GOHSTRUGTION.APPLICATION FILE JAN-19,1911.-

j 1,036,384, Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

/ j I fi l3 4 I v 43/ WITNESSES A 0. A. P. TURNER. REINFORCED womanCONSTRUCTION.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 19, 1911. f ggg ggg; Patented Aug. 20, 1912 4SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WIIT-NEISSES milzNTo R G.A. P.TURNER. REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19 1911. I I 1,36,38. Patented Aug. 20, 1912.

. SHEETH-SH TZET 4.

INVENTOR CLAUDE A. 3?. TURNER, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTZEL.

REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ZPatenterl. 2Q 1%112.

Application filed January 19, 1911. Serial No. 603,562.

To all whom, it may concern it known that I, CLAUDE A. P. TURNER, ofMinneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and in the State of Minnesotmhaveinvented a certain new and useful Improvementin Reinforced ConcreteConstruction, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof.

Practice has shown that the utilization of the principle of the circularflat plate in the .J oo slab of reinforced. concrete construc' t inresults in economy of msterialboth co fee and steel anrl the prin'iaryobject my invention is to provide an arrange- .ien't of reinforcementthat will come as nearly as may be to the provision oi reinforcement inthe form of a continuous homogeneous plate of circular form, which isthe basis of the mathematical flat plate theory, and whose peculiarityis the compensating acti n of the radial and circumferential s resses,which, or" course, are those that enter into the problem of providingproper or adequate reiniorcen'ient tor the floor slab of concrete. inconnection with this object, my invention Will he found to embody a peculiar character of reinforcement for the floor slab, whether supportedby columns, or

piers, either directly or through beams, or by walls. 4

lily invention also has to do with a form of reii'rforcement in whichthe floor is supported on columns or piers. whereby the properarrangement of the metal over the colunms, or points of support, which.is estor the production oil a cantaliver effect for supporting theintermediate slab may be secured. and in which connection there must betaken into account the radial and circumferential stresses that aredeveloped under a load which bends a circular section oi the floorconcentric with the support dcwvnward and which results in thestretching or straining of the ill'JQl's' in the upper, tension Zone,both radially and circumtm'eutially with the circumfercniial dis tortionbeing i-ii llii times ihea'adial distortion.

the accompauying drawiiw's:-l igure is a top plan view of a columnsupported iloor slab embodyinnone form of my invention: Fig. .5, is a:vertical section thereof on the line tb -.3 of liig. l: Fig. Cl, is adetail view, in section, in an enlarged scale: Fig. 4, is a top planView similar to Fig. 1 of an other embodiment of my invention: Fig. l?is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig.

is a vertical section of the construction shown in Fig. l; Figs. 6 and 7are, respectively, similar views to Figs. 1 and 2, of yet anotherembodiment of my invention: Figs. 8 and 9 are, respectively, similarviews to Figs. 0 and T, respect-ively, ot still another form of myinvention.

As I have already pointed out, as far as is concerned the matter ofsecuring as close as possible an approximation to a circular continuousplate for reinforcement, which would he the ideal, or theoreticalyperfect slab reinforcement) it is immaterial how the floor slab issupported. I accordingly in all the drawings show the by said closeapproXimat-ion to said continuous plate, variously supported. Thus inFigs. 1 and 2, it is directly supported, by columns 11; in Figs. l and5, by columns ll. with intermediate broad beams 1523, producing a paneleffect on the ceiling or underside oi the slab; and in Figs. (3 to 9 bycolumns ll. and interposed beams or girders 13. Said slab reinforcementconsists of a circular, or substantially circular, open, frameworkconcentric with the slain center be tween supports, and reaching welltoward each of the sides of the slab, considering as its sides, linesrunning directly from support to support, andot any one of a variedarrangement of straight rods traversing the slab. including that portionimmediately contiguous to said :l'ramework. and. preferably, beneath thelatter. is illustrated in Figs. l to T. said li'a111e\voi-lc has theform of a spiral 130 bent or deflected axially out having all its coilswithin the slab from top to bottom thereof. lhe straight rods llll mayhe simply a two-way arrangement, as shown, in Figs. 4 amt 5, in whichthey trav crse the slab in parallel, intm'sci-tins, lines at rightangles; or a fouruvay arrangementas shown in Figs. 1 to 3, in which theytraverse the slab in groups or belts extending from column to columndirectly, or in the shortest direction. and diagonally. or in thelongest direction: or. as shown in Figs. 3 and T, said rods may be therods .31 arrnugcd twoways, as in Figs. l and 5, with "Tulips of floorslab reinforced running from column parallel rods 14 obliquelytraversing the slab at the corners slightly overlapping and beyond thespiral or circular framework. 'lhe circular framework, instead of beinga spiral, may, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, be in the form of independent,concentric rings 15, (the spiral, in substance, of course, being ineifect a group of concentric rings) preferably tied together, by asuitable connection 150 between contiguous rings for convenience inhandling and lie ping the separate rings in place during the laying orpouring of the concrete. I prefer the spiral, however, be cause it is inone piece, so that the necessity of holding the rings in properrelation, as well as that of joining the ends of an inde pendent ring,is avoided, the construction thus being both cheaper and more convenientto form'and handle. The straight rod arrangement shown in Figs. 8 and 9is the same as that shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The slab reinforcements arecarried toward the top of the slab over the supports, and toward thebottom of the slab between sup ports, so that they are in the locationto take the tensile stresses, which exist in the just noted portionsofthe slab.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 5, in which the slab is supported either directlyby the columns 11, or by shallow, wide beams 12, l form awide-spreading, cantaliver head at the top of each column by a spiral16, concentric with the column, and the slab rods 13 crossing thespiral, the concentration of metal thus secured being-widespread...

In Figs. 6 to 9, true beams or girders, 13,

to column are employed, and no circular, or like framework, such as thespiral 16, is used, and in this case, as well as that shown in Figs. -1and 5, there are beam reinforcing rods 18, suitably placed to take thetensile strains.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, standards 19 are used that rest upon theforms or false work, about the column, to support the rods traversingthe slab thereat at the required height-the zone of tension-duringlaying of pouring 'of the concrete, and from said standards, the rodssag to the required. position toward the slab bottom between thesupports.

Said standards 19, are, Fig. 1, arranged in alining pairs, and throughthe eyes of each pair,a rod 19*, the slab reinforcing rods rest and aresupported.

as clearly shown in In the finished slab, these rods 19 act as spreaderrods for the belts resting thereon to cause said rods to act together.

It, of course, will be evident that a circular contour to the openframework need not be adhered to as far as the broad Scope of myinvention is concerned, so that instead of circular shapes, such as lhave illustrated and described, theshape or figure may be polygonal, andit is also understood circular,

tliat the bending or deflection of the spiral when the frame work is inthe form of a spiral, which bending or deflection is illus trated in thedrawings, is not necessary in all cases, for in some cases for exampleall the coils may lie in the same horizontal. plane, and the scope of myclaims is to be determined in the light of this statement.

The cantaliver head at the tops of the columns in the form of claimedherein, it being the subject of an application filed April 17, 1912.. c

laims: M

1. In reinforced concrete construction, the combination of a floor slab,floor slab supports, and slab reinforcement comprising an open frameworkformed of a group of spaced members of constantly increasing diameterspaced apart and arranged one with in the other and situated in theportion of the slab between said supports, and reinforcing elementsextending across said frame- -a spiral is not work in substantiallyparallel lines, from support to support in multiple directions, andsubstantially coextensive with the area covered by said members.

2. In reinforced concrete construction, the combination of a floor slab,floor slab supports, and slab reinforcement comprising a open framework,intermediate said supports comprising spaced circular members ofdifferent diameter, one within the other, and reinforcing elementsextending across said framework in parallel, or substantially parallellines, from support 'to support, in multiple directions'andsubstantially coextensive, with the area covered by said framework.

3. In reinforced concrete construction, the

combination of a floor slab, floor slab supports, and slab reinforcementcomprising a circular, open framework intermediate said supportscomprising spaced circular members of different diameter, one within theother, and reinforcing elements extending across said framework andextending be yond the same to said supports in parallel, orsubstantially parallel lines, from support to support, in multipledirections and-substantially coextensive, with the area covered by saidframework.

4. In reinforced concrete construction, the combination of a door slab,floor slab sup ports, and slab reinforcement comprising a circular, openframeworkformed of spaced rings of different diameter, one within theother intermediate said supports, and min forcing elements extendingacross said framework in parallel, or substantially parallel lines, fromsupport to support, in mul- I tiple directions and substantiallyco'exten sive, with the area covered by said framework.

5. In reinforced concrete construction, the combination of a floor slab,floor slab sup ports, and slab reinforcement comprising a In testimonythat I claim the foregoing circular, open framework-formal of 2% spiralI have hereunto set my hand. intermediate sai supports, an rein arcingelements extending across said framework CLAUDE T 5 from support tosupport and substantially Witnesses;

coextensive with the area covered by said CHAS. J. WILLIAMSON framework.L. KING.

